Schuchert, P. 1996. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Athecate hydroids and their medusae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). Wellington, NZ: New Zealand Oceanographic Institute. New Zealand Oceanographic Institute memoir 106. 147 p.
Abstract
The 79 species of athecate hydroids and Anthomedusae known from New Zealand are surveyed. Their systematic revision is based on preserved museum material, newly collected living material, and life-cycle observations. Three new genera, seventeen new species, and fourteen new records are described. Full definitions are given for all taxa and almost all species are illustrated. One new family, Eucodoniidae, is defined and incorporated into the order Filifera. The new family includes only Eucodonium brownei Hartlaub, 1907. The three new genera are Fiordlandia (Hydractiniidae), Barnettia (Pandeidae), and Fabienna (Proboscidactylidae). The genus definition of Zanclea is widened to include Zanclella and Halocoryne. The new species are: Barnettia caprni, Bougainvillia dimorpha, Corymorpha intermedia, Coryne tricycla, Ectopleura multicirrata, Eudendrium maorianus, Euphysa problematica, Fabienna sphaerica, Fiordlandia protecta, Hydractinia novaezelandiae, H. rubricata, Merga treubeli, Podocoryna australis, Rhizogeton conicum, Staurocladia wellingtoni, Stylactaria otagoensis, and Zanclea polymorpha. Two possible new species of the family Corynidae are not named specifically due to insufficient life-cycle information. The life cycles of Bougainvilla vervoorti Bouillon, 1995, Bougainvillia dimorpha n. sp., Podocoryna australis n. sp. and Zanclea polymorpha n. sp. are described. Ascidioclava parasitica Kirk, 1915 is referred to Bythotiara parnsitica n. comb. and its life cycle partially revealed. Cladonema novaezelandiae Ralph, 1953 is referred to Cladonema radiatum Dujardin, 1843. Tubiclava rubra Farquhar, 1895, Corydendrium rubra Stechow, 1924, and C. zelandicum Stechow, 1924 are recognised as new synonyms of Turritopsis nutricula McCrady, 1857. Coryne tenella Farquhar, 1895 is redescribed from its type locality and synonymised with Sarsia eximia. Based on the examination of new living material of Solanderia ericopsis (Carter, 1873), the genus Chitina Carter, 1873 is again sunk into synonymy with Solanderia Duchassaing & Michelin, 1846. Pochella oligonema Kramp, 1955 is referred to Fabienna oligonema n. comb. Life-cycle observations were made on other species to confirm their identity. New records are: Calycopsis bigelowi Vanhoeffen, 1911, Dicoryne conybearei (Allman, 1864), Amphinema dinema (Peron & Lesueur, 1809), Halitholus pauper Hartlaub, 1914, Cladocoryne floccosa Rotch, 1871, Ectopleura crocea (L. Agassiz, 1862), Coryne pusilla Gaertner, 1774, and Sarsia japonica (Nagao, 1962). Several other possible new records were not assigned to a species due to insufficient life-cycle information (auth)