Ahyong, S.T. 2012. The marine fauna of New Zealand: mantis shrimps (Crustacea: Stomatopoda). Wellington, NZ: NIWA (National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research). NIWA Biodiversity Memoir 125, 111 p.
Abstract
Twenty species in 13 genera and seven families of stomatopod Crustacea are now known from New Zealand, more than doubling the most recent estimate. Four superfamilies are represented: Bathysquilloidea, Gonodactyloidea, Lysiosquilloidea and Squilloidea. Bathysquilloidea is represented in New Zealand by one genus and species (Bathysquilla microps). Gonodactyloidea is represented by four families, six genera and eight species, of which two are new to science (Gonodactylellus osheai sp. nov., Haptosquilla helleri sp. nov.). Lysiosquilloidea is represented by one family, seven species and three genera, of which two genera and four species are new to science (Pariliacantha georgeorum gen. et sp. nov., Colubrisquilla dempsey gen. et sp. nov., Heterosquilla koning sp. nov., Heterosquilla trifida sp. nov.), and Heterosquilla laevis is removed from the synonymy of H. tricarinata. Squilloidea is represented by one family, three genera and four species. Five previously described species are new records for New Zealand. The New Zealand Stomatopoda comprises a widespread tropical component (nine species or 45%; mostly gonodactyloids) and a temperate-water component of which eight species (40%) are endemic, one is introduced (5%), and two (10%) are shared with eastern Australia. Most new taxa are endemic to New Zealand, except for Haptosquilla helleri, which also ranges to Tonga and the South China Sea. The tropical component comprises widespread tropical Indo-West Pacific species that occur along the Norfolk and Kermadec Ridges south to northern New Zealand. The endemic New Zealand stomatopods are dominated by tetrasquillid lysiosquilloids: the Southern Hemisphere genus Heterosquilla and the two new endemic genera Colubrisquilla and Pariliacantha. Notably, five of the eight known species of Heterosquilla are New Zealand endemics. Three species of Heterosquilla (H. laevis, H. koning, H. tricarinata) range throughout New Zealand, from Northland south to at least Stewart Island and east to the Chatham Islands. Temperate-water species occurring only around the North Island are Pariliacantha georgeorum and Hemisquilla australiensis. Anchisquilloides mcneilli and Heterosquilla trifida are also primarily North Island species but range to the northern tip of the South Island. Colubrisquilla dempsey is known only from localities between East Cape and the Chatham Rise. The introduced squilloid Oratosquilla oratoria is currently restricted to northern North Island localities (Kaipara and Hokianga). Only H. tridentata is apparently restricted to the South Island. The squilloid Pterygosquilla schizodontia is common around the South Island, but occasionally occurs as far north as East Cape. Five species occur on the Chatham Rise (Colubrisquilla dempsey, Heterosquilla koning, Heterosquilla tricarinata, Heterosquilla laevis, P. schizodontia) and three range south as far as the Auckland Islands (H. laevis, H. tridentata, P. schizodontia).
